Monday, May 25, 2020

Terrorism in the US - 959 Words

Terrorism is one the most serious hazards to U.S. national interests. Policy makers have used an array of options over the past thirty years to counter terrorism. Counter tactics like strategic planning both political and diplomatic, economic sanctions, and Local law enforcement efforts. None of the tactics have been more controversial than the use of military force. In Large part this is due to that potential threat of casualties of our U. S service men and women, possible deaths of innocent civilians and other subsidiary damage. It is in the U.S military’s scope to defend our country against all enemies foreign and domestic. Even though here may be other ways to prevent terrorism, military force is the most effective. If you train and pay a person or group of people to do a job, you expect it to be done right? This is no different from what’s expected of our military. The task of preventing terrorism is one that falls under their job description. Before 9/11, the Unit ed States and many other nations viewed terrorism as an issue of criminal law enforcement. Efforts to combat terrorism too often focused on post hoc criminal investigations that were designed to develop criminal cases for prosecution. Generally, post hoc criminal investigations often involve interdicting terrorist activity close to the point of attack, or, too frequently, after an attack has occurred, when evidence of offensive conduct and intent naturally is more unequivocal. This approach might beShow MoreRelatedDomestic Terrorism And The Security Of The Us1040 Words   |  5 PagesToday, domestic terrorism is one of the major threats to the national security of the US. Since 9/11, the US intelligence services and law enforcement agencies viewed international terrorism as the major threat to the public security of the US but the threat of domestic terrorism has been underestimated. At any rate, American law enforcement agencies conduct active campaigns to prevent international te rrorism but domestic terrorism become a serious threat to the national security of the US. In such aRead MorePolitics : Us, Realism, And Terrorism3539 Words   |  15 PagesPolitics: US, Realism, Terrorism To what extent has the United States’ structural realism (Neorealist) approach to terrorism jeopardized its status as a democratic nation? Shehryar Malik â€Æ' Abstract â€Æ' Introduction Post September 11, 2001, the world politics has shifted dramatically. Primarily, the target of the world powers has been to eliminate the terrorist threat to the stability and the infrastructure of the world. United State of America (US) has been at the forefront of the fightRead MoreThe US Attack on Terrorism Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pagestook just 40 minutes. Bin Laden was buried in the Arabian Sea the same day he was killed. Bin Laden’s death gave some solace to the families of victims in the 9/11 attacks. It also marked a significant victory in the United States’ fight against terrorism. It also gave the United States more information than they ever had on al-Qaeda. The killing of bin Laden weakened the Afghanistan branch of al Qaeda and signaled that an end to the war that had been going on for over a decade may be close. TheRead MoreUs War Against Terrorism Essay724 Words   |  3 Pagesthat US should be consistent in its process of combating against terrorism and other ills in the region with other regional organizations as he says â€Å"U.S. policy in Central Asia is embattled and under siege. Moscow and Beijing, as well as to a lesser degree Tehran, view America’s political and strategic presence in Central Asia with unfeigned alarm. Indeed, Russia and China suspect America’s desire for bases there. Despite Russo-Chinese protestations of support for the U.S. war on terrorism, in factRead MoreHow Terrorism Affects The Us Economy2050 Words   |  9 PagesBill Sciacia March 1, 2015 How Terrorism Affects the US Economy Patrick J. Kennedy was quoted saying, â€Å"Terrorism is a psychological warfare. Terrorists try to manipulate us and change our behavior by creating fear, uncertainty, and division in society†. These divisions in society have detrimental economic effects on both our country as a whole and Americans individually. The effects on the U.S. As a whole are clearer maybe than those that affect us directly. The scary thing is,Read More Challenges for US Counter-terrorism Efforts Essay1231 Words   |  5 PagesChallenges for US Counter-terrorism Efforts    As a direct consequence of September 11, a number of substantial challenges lie ahead in the area of counter-terrorism..  Ã‚   The most prominent of these is the changing nature of the terrorism phenomenon.   In past years, when terrorism was largely the product of direct state sponsorship, policymakers were able to diminish prospects for the United States becoming a target using a combination of diplomatic and military instruments to deter potentialRead MoreLaw Enforcement, US Military, and Terrorism923 Words   |  4 PagesSection 4: Law Enforcement, U.S. Military, and Terrorism Law enforcement agencies at the federal level and the U.S. military play a significant role in preventing terrorism on a state, national, and global scale. Former Vice-President Dick Cheney comments, On the ground, the first responders and local police [are] the first line of defense and intelligence, followed by federal law enforcement, with our foreign intelligence and military forces on call (Melber). Through a collaboration of variousRead MoreThe Us Strategy For Winning The Global War On Terrorism1157 Words   |  5 PagesIn light of this, it should be mentioned that â€Å"the US strategy for winning the Global War on Terrorism is predicated on creating an international environment inhospitable to terrorists and all those who support them† (Fogarty 2001). Meaning, that the fight against terrorism heavily relies on international cooperation. In order to achieve such a feat, nevertheless, America must be amiable by fellow governments and their citizens. Unfortunately, the r eports and findings on GTMO makes it increasinglyRead MoreTerrorism: The Toughest Issue Facing the US Essay1772 Words   |  8 PagesAmong the security issues facing the United Stated in this age of change and turmoil, terrorism is the most challenging. This is not only due to the nature of terrorism itself, but also to the deliberately narrow focus of the US government and the ways it chose to address this threat. Three major aspects support this thesis. First, Terrorism is an old protean threat with which mankind has always had trouble coping. This often results in people emotionally overreacting. Also, ways taken by the AmericanRead MoreEssay about The War on Terrorism and the US Propaganda Machine1026 Words   |  5 Pages The War on Terrorism and the US Propaganda Machine nbsp; Totalitarian regimes control their people by bludgeoning and incarcerating them. Critics of Western societies claim that democratic governments maintain approval for their actions through the manufacture of consent, a cryptic and insidious form of propaganda. nbsp; How?, you ask skeptically. By framing the debate, the theory says. By setting up a debate between two opposing acceptable views--one slightly left of government

Friday, May 15, 2020

Contradiction Between Morals in Sophocles Antigone Essay

Antigone:nbsp; Contradiction Between Morals nbsp; In Ancient Greece, new ideals surfaced as answers to lifes complicated questions. These new beliefs were centered on the expanding field of science. Man was focused on more than the Gods or heavenly concerns. A government that was ruled by the people was suggested as opposed to a monarchy that had existed for many years. Freedom of religion was encouraged in city-states. These new ideals, though good in intentions, often conflicted with each other creating complex moral dilemmas. Such was the case in Antigone, a play written by Sophocles during this era of change. In the play, Antigone and Creon battle a philosophical war exemplifying the conflict existing in the Greek ideals.†¦show more content†¦An important ideal in Ancient Greece was the belief that the government was to have no control in matters concerning religious beliefs. In Antigones eyes, Creon betrayed that ideal by not allowing her to properly bury her brother, Polynices. She believed that the burial was a relig ious ceremony, and Creon did not have the power to deny Polynices that right. Antigones strong beliefs eventually led her to her death by the hand of Creon. Never, though, did she stop defending what she thought was right. As Creon ordered her to her death, Antigone exclaimed, I go, his prisoner, because I honored those things in which honor truly belongs (Sophocles page #).nbsp; She is directly humiliating Creon by calling his opinions and decisions weak and unjust. She also emphasizes his prisoner, which tells us that Creons decision to capture Antigone was his own, and was not backed up by the majority of the people. She feels that Creon is abusing his power as king and dealing with her task to a personal level. Creons actions are guided by the ideal that states man is the measure of all things. The chorus emphasizes this point during the play by stating that There is nothing beyond (mans) power (Sophocles page #). Creon believes that the good of man comes before the gods. Setting the example using Polynices body left unburied is a symbol of Creons belief. No man who is his countrys enemy shall call himself my friend (Sophocles page #).nbsp;Show MoreRelated A Comparison of Antigone and A Dolls House Essay688 Words   |  3 PagesSimilarities in  Antigone and A Dolls House    Ibsens A Dolls House has been called the first modern play. The play was considered revolutionary because it broke several molds which had endured for centuries. Incredibly, much of what was considered revolutionary first appeared in Sophocles play, Antigone - one of the first plays in existence.    In merely looking at the surface, one notices right away that both plays are significant in that they avoid the social temptation ofRead MoreThe Conflict Of Sophocles Antigone1500 Words   |  6 PagesSophocles’ Antigone centers around a familial feud that develops between Antigone and Creon when Antigone decides to bury her brother and Creon’s niece, Polyneices. While Antigone believes that it is her religious and familial duty to bury her brother, Creon objects, citing the Theban civil war which took place right before the events of the play. Adhering to Greek literary tradition, Sophocles ultimately seeks not just to entertain the audience but also to teach a moral lesson, in this case aboutRead MoreThe Feminist Movement In SophoclesAntigone1340 Words   |  6 PagesThe largely neglected Sophoclean play of Antigone has been relaunched into contemporary critical discussion, this is largely through the emergence of the feminism movement and the critical theory resul ting from it in the late 19th and early 20th century. The feminist movement is defined as â€Å"The advocacy of womens rights on the ground of the equality of the sexes.† Feminist centred reception of the text has often labelled Antigone as a feminist icon, the use of the word feminist is ambiguous. ThisRead MoreAntigone, The Universal And Most Heavily On A Hostile Government1897 Words   |  8 PagesWhile myriad themes that pervade themselves throughout the entirety of Sophocles’ Antigone, the universal and most heavily manifested theme is that regarding the conflict between how individuals choose to make decisions in a society: should one fulfill religious and familial obligations even when they contract the ruling of the state, or rather should the government be able to supersede divine right? In the traditional Greek plays, the familial structure plays a significant role in governing theRead MoreThemes of Antigone2022 Words   |  9 PagesThe Themes of Antigone Antigone is credited as one of the best works of Sophocles, ranked by most modern critics above Oedipus the King. There are many aspects of Antigone that make it the play critics love to decipher and rave about. Antigone must be received as the canon of ancient tragedy: no tragedy of antiquity that we possess approaches it in pure idealism, or in harmony of artistic development hails critic Berhardy (Theatre History). He goes on to rave It is the first poem produced byRead MoreComparison Of John Finnis And AquinasNatural Law1493 Words   |  6 Pagesreference to human’s rational and intellectual participation in eternal law. Even though Finnis is secular, the links between natural law and eternal law are driven by practical reason. Finnis believes an unjust law , such as Creons, are not law at all (le injusta non est lex). While not simply nullities, they lose their direct moral authority to bind, as Finnis’ basic goods are not yet moral goods, but common goods. This is a utilitarian approach as sometimes unjust laws must be follow for the commonRead MoreGreek Mythology8088 Words   |  33 Pages  in  addition  to  its  multiple  versions.  The   Greek  gods  resembled  human  beings  in  their  form  and  in  their  emotions,  and  they  lived  in  a  society   that  resembled  human  society  in  its  levels  of  authority  and  power.  However,  a  crucial  difference   existed  between  gods  and  human  beings:  Humans  died,  and  gods  were  immortal.  Heroes  also  played   an  important  role  in  Greek  mythology,  and  stories  about  them  conveyed  serious  themes.  The  Greeks   considered  human  heroes  from  the  past  closer  to  themselves  than  were  the  immortal  gods

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis of Colson Whiteheads John Henry Days - 1515 Words

Thesis: Colson Whiteheads John Henry Days is a quintessentially postmodern novel because of its cynical tone, its confluence of imagery, and its treatment of social and existential alienation. I. When the protagonist first arrives in West Virginia, his sense of alienation and isolation become poignant: setting the stage for what is becoming a postmodern novel. His experience checking into the hotel as a journalist offers telling evidence of the theme of alienation: The desk man at the hotel gave him a press packet when he registered, checking his name off a list, but J. hasnt bothered to look at it so he doesnt know what time dinner is, (p. 693). The imagery that Whitehead uses solidifies the core theme of social alienation. Here, the protagonists name is disembodied. His name is on the list, legitimizing his status in the society. On the list, he belongs to a group a professional organization. He is accountable to his profession, and yet, the protagonist does not feel a genuine sense of belonging. This trend continues throughout John Henry Days, and is one of the things that characterizes the novel as being postmodern. John Henry Days addresses a protagonist who seems com pletely emotionally detached from his surroundings; and yet his journalistic attitude makes it so that he has keen intellectual insight into what is going on regarding the symbolic meanings of the John Henry symbolism. Journalism also happens to be a postmodern profession in the eyes of the

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Ethics and Governance Effective Leadership

Question: Is leadership essential to the development of ethical decision making in modern organization? Answer: Introduction In order to make the organizational functions successful, the role of effective leadership seems to be very important because it is the leadership strategies with which the desired plans can be implemented appropriately. Therefore, the leadership role is regarded to be very essential to make ethical decisions in the modern organizations. It can be said that, if an organization has suitable leadership strength, it can be able to use it at the time of determining any organizational decision by showing proper respect toward honesty, morality, trust, fairness, charisma etc. The leaders need to evaluate the impact of their decision not only in the present context but in the future context also before determining the appropriate decision for their organizations. In order to stay clear about their perspectives, they need to be clear about their morals, regulations of ethics and value. On the other hand, the decision making process needs to follow certain specific rules such as virtue, princ iple, context etc as they can influence the decision making process based on the situation. In this essay, the interrelationship between the leadership strategy and ethical decision making process has been discussed vividly with ample number of critical arguments and with suitable models. Discussion The effective leadership helps to determine the success rate of the organizational environment so that the employees can execute their idea for the betterment of the organization. It is the responsibility of the leaders to influence the team work so that they can successfully motivate the employees to indulge in the improvement procedure of the organization (Chin, Hambrick and Trevino 2013). The leaders need to be honest toward their duty and responsibility so that they can be fair enough towards their employees and can apply ethical perspectives in order to solve their issues (Colley et al. 2005). The leaders are responsible to show their employees the path of loyalty so that they can also follow them at the time of improving the organizational functions. The leaders need to be very open minded so that they can fairly judge their each and every employee. Therefore, in this context, the trait theory of leadership can be applicable. As per the comment of Eccles, Ioannou and Serafeim (2014), the trait theory of leadership indicates to the in build qualities such as intelligence, ability to acquire knowledge from several experiences, extroversion, self-efficacy, consciousness of an individual which need to be possessed in order to acquire the leadership position at any organizations. With regard to this trait theory, it can be said that if an individual uses all its qualities to fit into different organizational situations, it can ensure to take sufficient ethical decisions which can be proved to be fruitful for the organization (Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell 2005). In this way, the fairness to all the employees can be maintained at the time of taking decision. By applying this theory, the management can ensure the employment of suitable personality for the leadership positions. However, from the viewpoint of Guta, Nixon and Wilson (2013), it can be said that, there are other situational aspects which can influence the characteristic features of an individual leader that can affect their taken organizational decisions. This theory, forces an individual to act in a specific way to play the role of a leader which is not always necessary. For example, an introvert individual may not interact openly but it does not indicate to its inability to lead an organization. Moreover, as per this theory, the leader is expected to do individual observational process before taking a decision which seems to be impossible for big organizations. Therefore, this theory seems to be invalid at the time of taking any decision for the organization on ethical ground. The ethical decision indicates to the organizational morality and culture which seems to be a major influential factor upon the employee performances (Low and Ang 2013). By ensuring their employees about their neutral point of view towards them, the organization can effectively increase their commitment towards the organization. The leadership and the ethical decision making process seems to be interrelated. In the modern organizations, the leaders need to take a number of rapid decisions in order to sustain in the competitive business market. Some leaders tend to use only ethical means at the time of taking any organizational decision while some leaders regard the organizational profit more valuable than the ethical decision making regulations. As per the opinion of Mathenge (2013), there are four different types of decision making processes with which the leaders take their organizational decisions such as collaborative, command, convenience and consensus. In the collaborative decision making style, the leaders seem to regard the decisions of others under its team. With the help of the feedbacks and viewpoints of the team members, the leader tries to explore different aspects of the particular topic. For this reason, this decision making style is regarded as the evidence based decision making perspective. On the other hand, McClaren (2013) points out that the command decision making style is mainly taken by the autocratic leaders in the organizations where the decisions are made completely individually and without the taking opinion of any team member. However, Radhika (2012) argues that such decision making style is proved to be useful for leaders to take quick decisions at adverse organizational situations when the discussing procedure can create difficult situations. According to Singer (1997), in convenience decision making style, the organizational leaders allow their team members especially the new ones to employ their new and innovative ideas which can be proved to be fruitful for the betterment of the organization and its employees. On the contrary, Trevino and Nelson (2006), opines that it may increase the risk factors for the leaders to rely upon the inexperienced members at the time of taking any serious organizational decision. On the other hand, as per the opinion of Trevino, Hartman and Brown (2000), in consensus decision making style the leaders seems to introduce their decision in front of other employees so that they can express their viewpoints by giving votes. This decision making style is regarded as the democratic style of determining the suitable organizational action. Such style also helps to reform the internal environment of the organization where everyone has the right to express their opinion and take active part in the or ganizational activity. However, Colley et al. (2005) said that this style can create conflict among the leader and the employees if the leader finds a particular decision suitable for the organization and the other employees go against it. Such scenario can affect the organizational environment as well. In the recent competitive business market, the modern organizations need to have one strong personality who can effectively take necessary organizational decisions by adapting the most ethical way (McClaren 2013). By maintain clarity among the employees about the organizational core values and principles and by taking the help of proper law, the leaders can make suitable decisions for their organizations. In order to maintain the ethical decision making process the theory of virtue ethics along with Kantianism theory can be applied. As per this theory, the importance of the individual employees seems to be the most important aspect at the time of making ethical decisions (Chin, Hambrick and Trevino 2013). The leaders seem to employ courage, wisdom, temperance and compassion in their decisions so that they can meet the ethical demands of their employees. By employing this theory, the taken decisions can avoid the negative aspects like selfishness, greed, jealousy etc. On the other hand, Kantianism theory puts the emphasis upon regarding the principles on which the decisions are taken (Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell 2005). If the leaders take organizational ethical decisions by employing this theory, they can easily maintain the universal principles with which they can become able to show respect to all their employees. In this way, the leaders can motivate their employees to overcome t heir evil instincts by following the ethical way for the betterment of the organization. The implementation of these ethical models, the leaders can ensure the employment of suitable principles and virtue in their taken ethical decisions. In the modern organizations, three types of morality management are shown namely immoral management, moral management and amoral management. From the viewpoint of Chin, Hambrick and Trevino (2013), an immoral leader does not care much about principles and virtue at the time of taken any organizational decision. The main focus of such decisions is on personal gaining rather than in favor of the organization (Mathenge 2013). In such cases, organizational ethical rules are also overruled by the leaders. Such organizational decisions are generally taken by individual leader and without informing the employees. For example, if any leader turns down any employee all of a sudden in order to achieve its personal gain, it seems to be unethical and immoral decision making by that leader. On the other hand, Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell (2005) opines that the moral leader seems to strictly follow the ethical aspect in both the cases of its personal decision making along with the decision, made for the benefit of the organization and its employees. The moral leaders regard the ethics and regulations for their organizational success. The moral management of the decisions follows the corporate governance laws with which they set a higher standard of ethical regulations before making any organizational decisions. The moral management of ethical decisions is also meant for the success of the organization but it implements this fact with regard to the benefits of the employees as well. Such decisions are made with opinions of the organizational of Board members along with the employees. For example, if a leader feels the need for some essential training sessions at their organization, it can take relevant decisions because it is meant for the betterment of the organization. From the viewpoint of Colley et al. (2005), the amoral leaders takes the middle path at the time of making any organizational decision as they believe that the ethical aspects are not at all important in de cision making unless and until the legal aspects and regulations are not overruled. These leaders often taken the ethical matters seriously at the time of taking any personal decisions like something related to any violation or donation to any charitable trusts etc. However, they do not regard the ethical aspects important at the time of making any organizational decision because according to them the ethical aspects have less impact in the present competitive business market (Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell 2005). Such leaders often face dilemma among the ethical and unethical perspectives at the time of making any decisions. The best example is the organizations which produce powdered milk for kids. The thought can be amoral but they should also thin that it seems to be quite difficult for the poor mothers in the villages to have pure boiled water to mix the powdered milk which cause various digestion related diseases of the children. Conclusion In this way, the relationship between leadership and the ethical decision making process at modern organizations are described. Ample numbers of arguments from quality journals are applied in order to authenticate the discussion. The effectiveness of leadership in determining the appropriate organizational ethical decisions is also elaborate described in order to reflect its importance in creating favorable organizational environment. Suitable organizational morality models are also used so that they can be linked properly with the decision making method. After conducting this discussion, it can be said that the leaders are regarded as the responsible ones to take necessary ethical decisions for their organization. The ethical understanding of the leaders needs to be very clear so that they can apply their understanding at the time of taking any decision. There are certain characteristics those need to be possessed by the organizational leaders such as dignity, sense of justice, comm unity building ability, honesty, respectfulness etc. By informing the employees about the latest taken organizational decisions, the leaders can increase the effectiveness of their taken organizational decisions and can also prepare the employees to adapt the upcoming organizational changes. In this way, the decision making process by deserved leaders can motivate the employees to follow the organizational principles and core values. Reference List Chin, M.K., Hambrick, D.C., and Trevino, L.K. (2013), "Political ideologies of CEOs: Illustrative evidence of the influence of executive values on corporate social responsibility", Administrative Science Quarterly Colley, JL, Doyle, JL, Wallace, S, and Logan, G 2005 What is Corporate Governance?, McGraw-Hill Professional, USA Eccles, R.G., Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2014. The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance.Management Science,60(11), pp.2835-2857 Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J and Ferrell, L 2005, Business ethics: Ethical decision making and cases, Houghton Mifflin, Boston Guta, A., Nixon, S.A. and Wilson, M.G., 2013. Resisting the seduction of ethics creep: Using Foucault to surface complexity and contradiction in research ethics review.Social science medicine,98, pp.301-310 Low, K.C. and Ang, S.L., 2013. Confucian ethics, governance and corporate social responsibility. 1(2), p.506 Mathenge, G.D., 2013. Corporate Governance and Organizational Management: An Ethical Perspective of the Challenges Facing Effective Corporate Management in Kenyan State Owned Enterprises (SOEs).Global Journal of Management And Business Research,13(10).p.201 McClaren, N., 2013. The personal selling and sales management ethics research: Managerial implications and research directions from a comprehensive review of the empirical literature.Journal of business ethics,112(1), pp.101-125 Radhika, D., 2012. Ethics in Public Administration.Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research,4(2), pp.23-31 Singer, M 1997, Ethics and justice in organisations, Avebury, Aldershot. Trevino, LK, and Nelson, KA 2006, Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right, 4 edn, John Wiley Sons, New York Trevino, LK, Hartman, L.P., and Brown, M 2000, 'Moral person and moral manager: How executives develop a reputation for ethical leadership', California Management Review, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 128-42